Showing posts with label type 1 diabetes. Show all posts
Showing posts with label type 1 diabetes. Show all posts

Monday, January 28, 2013

Rampant Diabetes--in the US and in my ancestry

I am not certain how diabetes runs in different families.  I wonder:  does every family have at least one person with Type 2 diabetes?   The statistics are difficult to figure out, especially because organizations such as the American Heart Association keep their numbers by age (child versus adult) rather than by diagnosis (Type 1 versus Type 2). The 2012 American Heart Association Statistical Fact Sheet. for example, says that there were 18.3 million American adults with diagnosed diabetes, 81 million with pre-diabetes, and over seven million adults who are running around undiagnosed.  Nearly 200,000 American children under age 20 had diabetes in 2012.

What we don't know from the AHA figures is how many of those kids had Type 2 because they were heavy and not eating properly, and how many were Type 1, with genetic predispositions and antibodies.

What we also don't know from the AHA statistics is how many of the 18 million grown-ups with diabetes are us Type 1's who are surviving and living normal or near-normal life-spans.  We don't.

So there is no way I can see from these stats to figure out how many of us are living in families with a predisposition toward diabetes.

What I can tell you is this:

I have two antibodies for Type 1.  I was diagnosed as an adult, around age 30, which means I don't fit properly into the AHA categories -- an adult Type 1 doing well.  I am Caucasian and non-Hispanic, so I am from a population that generally is not as predisposed to diabetes.

I can tell you that one of my ancestral lines--specifically my maternal grandmother's mother's line--has family members with Type 1.  My third cousin here in Seattle, a descendant of my grandmother's first cousin, got Type 1 diabetes at about the same age as I.  We have also been told that my grandma had twin cousins with Type 1.  We do not know much beyond that.  The Jewish diaspora, you know...

My maternal grandpa had Type 2 diabetes.

My father's family is a complex story.  Lots of Type 2 diabetes and lots of deaths due to complications of diabetes.  My first cousin Carl, my dad's nephew, has Type 2, and several of his half siblings died of Type 2, including many years ago my cousin Clara, who was morbidly obese.  There were three different mothers, so it's probably a pretty good indication that the diabetes comes from the Bradleys or perhaps my dad's mom's family.  We don't know.

What I do know is that the cards are stacked against these genes of mine.

But from my perspective, it seems that everyone I know has somebody somewhere in their family with diabetes.  It's usually Type 2, but it's there.


Sunday, January 27, 2013

The Girl's Guide to Diabetes

I would like to share with you the link to an art exhibit called The Girl's Guide to Diabetes. The artwork is by "Ana," a Type 1 diabetic who had her showing on January 13.  She is a student at James Madison University.  The website was created by her sister.

One of Ana's pieces. I am guessing it is on neuropathy. Permission to post this received from Ana's sister.  Please visit their exhibit website!

I don't know if Ana is a bike rider or if she's going to participate in the JDRF Ride to Cure Diabetes, but I am, and I'm doing it for people like Ana--and for me.  Today I hit 10 percent of my goal, five days into the campaign.

Thank you Ana!

Thursday, March 17, 2011

First A1c after getting new pump is a triumph!

I got my new Animas Ping pump a few weeks ago, and just got back the results of my A1c.  It is 5.7!   This is an amazing difference from the numbers that were coming in before.  It seemed like there had been nothing I could do to get the numbers down.

After wearing the new pump for a couple of weeks and saw how good my numbers were coming in, I contacted Animas and told them that I thought they needed to take a look at the old pump.  So they sent me a shipping box and label and I sent it back.  It will be several weeks before I hear anything, but it seems pretty clear to me that I've been struggling with a faulty pump.

Alas!  And Hurray!!!!!

Monday, March 07, 2011

Etiquette and Type 1 Diabetes: A note to parents of T1's!

I was at a kickoff party recently for the JDRF's Ride to Cure Diabetes.  The party was attended by long-term adult T1's as well as parents and relatives of T1's who participate in the Rides.

I want to say something to parents of T1s about approaching adult T1s and asking them about their health.  In a word, "Don't"!

There is nothing worse for an adult with long-term Type 1 Diabetes than to be approached by a parent of a younger diabetic and being quizzed about how our health is doing (e.g. "how are the peripheries?").   The agenda of these parents is clear:  they want to "estimate" how their kid is going to be doing is 25 years.   This should be considered a breach on etiquette.  The last thing I want to do (especially at a party!) is talk about whether I've got peripheral neuropathy (or not) and how my eyes are doing and the data on my A1c's.   The fact that I'm in excellent health after 25 years says nothing about how your kid is going to be doing in a couple of decades.  That depends on their physiology and how well they take care of themselves.  It has no relationship to me.

I avoid parents of T1's like the plague for this very reason.  Please, learn some etiquette!  You wouldn't walk up to somebody randomly at a party and start talking to them about the results of their last colonoscopy, for example.  Don't do this sort of thing to me either!  I am not here to reassure you.  Please, give me a break!

Saturday, August 06, 2005

The Genetics of Type 1 Diabetes, by Hsien Hsien Lei

Lei has kindly written this article for the blogathon. She has also written a post on her blog about me, my diabetes related activities and my struggle with diabetes. Lei's blogs include her Genetics and Public Health Blog (where the posts about diabetes are) and her Cotton Pickin' Days personal blog. If you go by her Genetics blog, be sure to check out the article on how humans are genetically similar to pigs!

The Genetics of Type 1 Diabetes
by Hsien Hsein Lei

Type 1 diabetes occurs when the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas are destroyed by the body's own immune system. About 18 regions of the genome, labeled IDDM1 to IDDM18, have been associated with an increase in type 1 diabetes risk.

  • IDDM1 - HLA genes that encode immune response proteins

  • IDDM2 - insulin gene

  • IDDM4 - genes for ZFM1 (zinc finger protein 162), FADD (Fas-associated death protein), and LRP5

  • IDDM5 - SOD2 gene

  • IDDM6 - gene associated with colorectal cancer (DCC), gene that encodes a zinc finger DNA binding domain (ZNF236), and a molecule that opposes apoptosis (bcl-2)

  • IDDM7 - genes for NEUROD1, IGRP

  • IDDM10 - GAD2 gene

  • IDDM11 - genes for ENSA and SEL1L

  • IDDM16 - gene that encodes for immunoglobulin heavy chain

  • IDDM18 - ILB12 gene

  • CTLA4 gene - regulates immune system

  • CD28 gene

  • ICOS gene

Despite these and other candidate genes that have been associated with increased risk of type 1 diabetes, no gene therapy or gene-targeted drugs have been developed thus far. As more genes are discovered and their functions better understood, it will become possible to figure out exactly why some people have type 1 diabetes and to provide them a cure, as well as prevent others from developing it in the first place.

For more detailed information, see The Genetic Landscape of Diabetes, NCBI